RAFT重合
RAFT重合是抑制活化自由基重合的方法之一,能够有效合成分子量分布范围较小的聚合物。现在已经成功将用于RAFT重合的RAFT剂(连锁移动剂)商品化。
另外还有很多种硫代碳酸宜乙酸型RAFT剂供参考使用
◆优点
● 可以合成分子量分布范围较小的聚合物
● 系中不含卤或者重金属
● 通过使用合适的RAFT剂(连锁移动剂)可以抑制大范围自由基重合性单体的重合
● 重合系基本不受水或者离子性物质的影响,含有官能基的单体或者在水系的重合较容易
◆反应机理
◆反应例子
反应例子(1)
反应例子(2)
No |
产品编号 |
产品名称 |
结构式 |
CAS |
级别 |
包装 |
1 |
357-40901 |
Bis(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)disulfide |
870532-86-8 |
1g |
||
353-40903 |
5g |
|||||
2 |
029-17961 |
Bis{4-[ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)carbamoyl]benzyl} Trithiocarbonate |
948877-09-6 |
有机合成用 |
5g |
|
027-17962 |
25g |
|||||
3 |
358-40931 |
4-[(2-Carboxyethylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanyl]-4-cyanopentanoic Acid |
– |
1g |
||
354-40933 |
N/A |
5g |
||||
4 |
037-24651 |
2-{[(2-Carboxyethyl)sulfanylthiocarbonyl]sulfanyl}propanoic Acid |
870451-09-5 |
有机合成用 |
1g |
|
033-24653 |
5g |
|||||
5 |
354-40911 |
2'-Cyanobutan-2'-yl 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylpyrazole-1-carbodithioate |
– |
1g |
||
350-40913 |
N/A |
5g |
||||
6 |
030-24641 |
4-Cyano-4-[(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanyl]pentanoic Acid |
870196-80-8 |
有机合成用 |
1g |
|
036-24643 |
5g |
|||||
7 |
351-40921 |
Cyanomethyl 3,5-Dimethylpyrazole-1-carbodithioate |
– |
1g |
||
357-40923 |
N/A |
5g |
||||
8 |
035-24691 |
Cyanomethyl N-Methyl-N-phenyldithiocarbamate |
76926-16-4 |
有机合成用 |
1g |
|
031-24693 |
5g |
|||||
9 |
047-33981 |
S,S-Dibenzyl Trithiocarbonate |
26504-29-0 |
有机合成用 |
1g |
|
043-33983 |
5g |
|||||
10 |
351-40781 |
2-[(Dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanyl]propanoic Acid |
– |
1g |
||
357-40783 |
558484-21-2 |
5g |
||||
11 |
350-40751 |
Methyl 4-Cyano-4-[(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanyl]pentanoate |
– |
1g |
||
356-40753 |
870532-87-9 |
5g |
单体适合性
一般来说,高活性单体都是二硫代脂型或者三硫代碳酸盐型,低活性单体都是二硫代氨基甲酸盐型,都适合和RADT剂一起使用。虽说RAFT剂并不能抑制全部类型的单体的精密重合,所以请根据情况选择合适的RAFT剂
高活性单体(苯乙烯、丙烯酸盐、丙烯酰胺、异丁烯酸盐)
低活性单体(乙烯酯、乙烯胺)
◆单体适合表1
No |
苯乙烯 |
丙烯酸盐
|
丙烯酰胺
|
异丁烯酸盐
|
异丁烯酰胺 |
乙烯酯
|
乙烯胺
|
|
4 |
A |
A |
A |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
6 |
B |
B |
B |
A |
A |
X |
X |
|
8 |
C |
C |
C |
X |
X |
A |
A |
|
9 |
B |
B |
B |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
10 |
A |
A |
A |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
11 |
B |
B |
B |
A |
A |
X |
X |
◆单体适合表2
No |
苯乙烯 |
丙烯酸盐
|
丙烯酰胺
|
异丁烯酸盐
|
异丁烯酰胺
|
乙烯酯
|
乙烯胺
|
|
3 |
– |
– |
O |
O |
– |
– |
||
5 |
– |
– |
– |
O |
O |
– |
– |
|
2 |
O |
O |
O |
– |
– |
– |
– |
◆相关产品
◆单体对照表
编号 |
苯乙烯 |
丙烯酸盐 |
丙烯酰胺 |
异丁烯酸盐 |
异丁烯酰胺 |
乙烯酯 |
乙烯胺 |
1 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
+++ |
+++ |
– |
2 |
+++ |
+++ |
+++ |
– |
– |
– |
+++ |
3 |
++ |
+ |
– |
+++ |
– |
– |
++ |
4 |
++ |
+ |
+ |
+++ |
– |
– |
++ |
5 |
+++ |
++ |
++ |
+++ |
– |
– |
+++ |
6 |
+++ |
++ |
++ |
+++ |
– |
– |
+++ |
7 |
+++ |
++ |
++ |
+ |
– |
– |
+++ |
8 |
++ |
++ |
++ |
– |
– |
– |
++ |
◆产品一览
编号 |
产品编号 |
生产编号 |
产品名称 |
CAS |
包装 |
1 |
559-01441 |
16-0423 |
2-Cyanomethyl-N-methyl-N-phenyldithiocarbamate |
76926-16-4 |
500mg |
555-01443 |
2g |
||||
553-01444 |
10g |
||||
2 |
558-01411 |
16-0425 |
S-Cyanomethyl-S-dodecyltrithiocarbonate |
796045-97-1 |
500mg |
554-01413 |
2g |
||||
552-01414 |
10g |
||||
3 |
554-01511 |
16-0430 |
2-Cyanoprop-2-yl-dithiobenzoate |
201611-85-0 |
500mg |
550-01513 |
2g |
||||
558-01514 |
10g |
||||
4 |
556-01451 |
16-0422 |
4-Cyano-4-(thiobenzoylthio)pentanoic acid |
201611-92-9 |
500mg |
552-01453 |
2g |
||||
550-01454 |
10g |
||||
5 |
555-01421 |
16-0610 |
S-(2-Cyanoprop-2-yl)-S-dodecyltrithiocarbonate |
870196-83-1 |
500mg |
551-01423 |
2g |
||||
559-01424 |
10g |
||||
6 |
551-01401 |
16-0415 |
4-Cyano-4-(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl) sulfanylpentanoic acid |
870196-80-8 |
500mg |
557-01403 |
2g |
||||
555-01404 |
10g |
||||
7 |
553-01461 |
16-0460 |
2-Methyl-2-[(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl) sulfanyl]propanoic acid |
461642-78-4 |
500mg |
559-01463 |
2g |
||||
557-01464 |
10g |
||||
8 |
550-01471 |
16-0617 |
S,S-Dibenzyltrithiocarbonate |
26504-29-0 |
500mg |
556-01473 |
2g |
||||
554-01474 |
10g |